Thiamine deficiency disease, dysautonomia, and high calorie malnutrition / Derrick Lonsdale and Chandler Marrs.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Front Cover; THIAMINE DEFICIENCY DISEASE, DYSAUTONOMIA, AND HIGH CALORIE MALNUTRITION; THIAMINE DEFICIENCY DISEASE, DYSAUTONOMIA, AND HIGH CALORIE MALNUTRITION; Copyright; Dedication; CONTENTS; INTRODUCTION: WHY THIAMINE? WHY NOW?; UNTANGLING CLINICAL ANOMALIES; THIAMINE AND THE MITOCHONDRIA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE; BERIBERI AS A PROTOTYPE FOR DYSAUTONOMIA; THE ROLE OF HIGH-CALORIE MALNUTRITION AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS IN PRECIPITATING DISEASE; MITOCHONDRIA: WHERE GENETICS AND ENVIRONMENT MEET; DO WE NEED A NEW MODEL FOR MEDICINE?; REFERENCES; 1 -- The History of Thiamine and Beriberi.

FROM KAKKE TO BERIBERIThiamine With Malnutrition: Navy Sailors Connect the Dots; Polished Rice, Pigeons, and the Catatorulin Effect; Clinical Features of Beriberi: Early Accounts; Historical Observations of Beriberi Symptoms; Appearance; Cardiovascular and Respiratory Disturbances; Gastrointestinal Dysmotility; Nervous System Disruption; BERIBERI IN CHILDREN; Infantile Beriberi; Juvenile Beriberi; WET AND DRY BERIBERI AND WERNICKE'S ENCEPHALOPATHY; BERIBERI: THE GREAT IMITATOR; Thiamine Deficiency and Autonomic Chaos; Toward a Broader Understanding of Stress and Autonomic Regulation.

FROM BERIBERI TO DYSAUTONOMIAUNDERLYING MECHANISMS OF AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION: THIAMINE, THE MITOCHONDRIA, AND OXIDATIVE METABOLISM; Thiamine as a Rate-Limiting Factor in Oxidative Metabolism; Thiamine and the Nervous System; THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION FOR AUTONOMIC BALANCE; Stress and Nutrient Demands; Energy Production and Consumption; Oxidative Metabolism; Nutritional Versus Pharmaceutical Therapies; REFERENCES; 2 -- The Autonomic Nervous System and Its Functions; THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: GENERAL ARRANGEMENT AND FUNCTION; Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions; Enteric Nervous System.

AUTONOMIC SIGNALING: LAYERED CONTROLAdrenomedullary Tract of the Autonomic Nervous System; Nerve Tracts and Reflex Loops: Somatic Versus Autonomic; Somatic Spinal Reflex; Autonomic Reflex; Adrenocortical Tract of Autonomic Response; Hypothalamus; Brainstem; Other Brain Regions Involved in Autonomic Function; Points of Consideration; AUTONOMIC CHEMISTRY AND NEUROTRANSMISSION; Acetylcholine and Its Receptors; Adrenergic Receptors and Response; Stress Response of Hormones and Receptors; Receptor Crosstalk; Autonomic Nervous System Modulators: Immune Cells and Other Influencers.

Points of ConsiderationTHE MYTHS OF LINEARITY AND SYMMETRY; Nonlinear Dose-Response Actions; Asymmetrical Autonomic Innervation Patterns; Points of Consideration; AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION: CLINICAL PATTERNS AND CLUES TO SYMPATHETIC DOMINANCE; Acute Blepharospasm, Sweating, and Piloerection as Clues to Sympathetic System Dominance; Points of Consideration; Heart Rate, Rhythm, and Pressure Dysregulation; Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia; Points of Consideration; Neuropathy, Muscle Weakness, Skin Disorders, and Balance; Gastrointestinal Dysmotility Syndromes.

Thiamine Deficiency Disease, Dysautonomia, and High Calorie Malnutrition explores thiamine and how its deficiency affects the functions of the brainstem and autonomic nervous system by way of metabolic changes at the level of the mitochondria. Thiamine deficiency derails mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and gives rise to the classic disease of beriberi that, in its early stages, can be considered the prototype for a set of disorders that we now recognize as dysautonomia. This book represents the life's work of the senior author, Dr. Derrick Lonsdale, and a recent collaboration with his co-author Dr. Chandler Marrs.