Green composites : natural and waste-based composites for a sustainable future / edited by Caroline Baillie, Randika Jayasinghe.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Front Cover; Green Composites; Copyright Page; Contents; List of contributors; 1 Green composites: towards a sustainable future?; References; 2 Designing for composites: traditional and future views; 2.1 The advancement of design thinking; 2.2 Three principles of development; 2.3 An obsolete value system; 2.4 The big challenge; 2.5 How to think about composite materials; 2.6 "High technology is not new"; References; 3 Cellulose fiber/nanofiber from natural sources including waste-based sources; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The microstructure of plant fibers-kenaf fibers.

3.3 The production, structure, and properties of cellulose nanofiber using a grinder3.4 The production, structure, and properties of cellulose nanofiber using other methods; 3.5 The intrinsic mechanical properties of cellulose nanofibers; 3.6 Cellulose nanofiber composites; 3.7 Future trends; References; 4 Natural fiber and hybrid fiber thermoplastic composites: advancements in lightweighting applications; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Natural fibers in composite manufacturing; 4.2.1 Properties of natural fibers; 4.3 Natural fiber reinforced thermoplastics composites.

4.3.1 Types of thermoplastic composites4.3.2 Factors influencing natural fiber reinforced composites; 4.3.2.1 Fiber loading and dispersion; 4.3.2.2 Fiber length; 4.3.2.3 Fiber orientation; 4.3.2.4 Fiber-matrix adhesion; 4.4 Developments in the processing of natural fiber reinforced composites; 4.4.1 Recent developments in short fiber composites processing; 4.5 Thermoplastic hybrid composites; 4.6 Advanced natural fiber/hybrid fiber composites in lightweighting applications; 4.7 Emerging trend: utilization of waste or recycled fibers in composites.

4.8 Environmental benefits of using lightweight composites and future trends4.9 Future trends; Acknowledgments; References; 5 Recycled synthetic polymer fibers in composites; Summary points; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Polymer sourcing, separation, and purification; 5.2.1 Poly(ethylene terephthalate); 5.2.2 High-density polyethylene; 5.2.3 Polypropylene; 5.3 Fiber production; 5.3.1 Poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers; 5.3.2 Polypropylene fibers; 5.3.3 Cellulose fiber separation and purification; 5.4 Composite formation; 5.4.1 Polypropylene-cellulose fiber composites.

5.4.2 Single-polymer fiber-matrix composites5.5 Applications; 5.6 Future trends; 5.7 Conclusion; References; 6 Clean production; 6.1 Introduction; 6.1.1 Environmental quality; 6.1.2 Social equity; 6.1.3 Economic prosperity; 6.2 Energy saving in the manufacture and production of composites; 6.2.1 Energy tariffs; 6.2.2 Materials; 6.2.3 Production processes; 6.2.3.1 Hydraulics versus electrics in injection molding; 6.3 Limiting the environmental impact of processing; 6.3.1 Contact molding; 6.3.2 Resin infusion under flexible tooling; 6.3.3 RIFT summary; 6.3.4 Prepregging (autoclaving).